The expansion tank is arguably the most misunderstood and incorrectly sized component in a closed-loop hydronic system. It is often viewed as a simple vessel, yet its proper function is critical to the longevity, efficiency, and safety of the entire heating or cooling installation. A system with an improperly sized or placed expansion tank will inevitably suffer from chronic problems: nuisance relief valve discharge, pump cavitation, poor heat transfer, and premature component wear. These issues translate directly into higher operating costs and frequent maintenance calls.This book serves as the definitive guide to expansion tanks in HVAC systems. It moves beyond simple catalog selection charts, diving into the fundamental physics that govern thermal expansion and system pressurization. We will explore the critical differences between diaphragm and bladder tanks, demystify the complex sizing formulas derived from Boyle's Law, and provide practical, real-world examples for applications ranging from low-temperature heating to large-scale chilled water plants. Whether you are a system designer, an installing contractor, or a facility manager, this volume provides the knowledge necessary to ensure your hydronic systems operate within their specified parameters, reliably and efficiently, for decades to come.