This comprehensive guide explores the pathophysiology of congenital heart disease from a surgical perspective. Designed for surgeons, cardiologists, anaesthetists, and other perioperative specialists, the book bridges the gap between basic physiological principles and complex clinical decision-making. Through a meticulous examination of circulation, surgical manoeuvres, and postoperative management, it provides an essential framework for tailoring treatment strategies to individual patient needs. This revised edition incorporates updated definitions, particularly regarding pulmonary hypertension, ensuring practitioners remain at the forefront of evidence-based care for infants and children with congenital cardiac malformations.